Tungurahua Volcano, which was declared a Global Geopark by UNESCO in 2025, is situated in which one among the following countries ?
- (a)Ecuador
- (b)Peru
- (c)Bolivia
- (d)Colombia
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Official answer(a) Ecuador
Physical Geography & Geomorphology
26 questions in Geography.
Asked in 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2018, 2014, 2013, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2001, 1995
Which of the following are the evidences of the phenomenon of continental drift? I. The belt of ancient rocks from Brazil coast matches with those from Western Africa. II. The gold deposits of Ghana are derived from the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by side. III. The Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counterparts in six different landmasses of the Southern Hemisphere. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a)I and III only
- (b)I and II only
- (c)I, II and III
- (d)II and III only
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Official answer(c) I, II and III
Consider the following statements : Statement I : In the context of effect of water on rocks, chalk is known as a very permeable rock whereas clay is known as quite an impermeable or least permeable rock. Statement II : Chalk is porous and hence can absorb water. Statement III : Clay is not at all porous. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
- (a)Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
- (b)Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
- (c)Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
- (d)Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
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Official answer(c) Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
Consider the following : 1. Pyroclastic debris 2. Ash and dust 3. Nitrogen compounds 4. Sulphur compounds How many of the above are products of volcanic eruptions ?
- (a)Only one
- (b)Only two
- (c)Only three
- (d)All four
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Official answer(d) All four
Consider the following statements : Statement-I : Rainfall is one of the reasons for weathering of rocks. Statement-II : Rain water contains carbon dioxide in solution. Statement-III : Rain water contains atmospheric oxygen. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements ?
- (a)Both Statement-II and Statement-III are correct and both of them explain Statement-I
- (b)Both Statement-II and Statement-III are correct, but only one of them explains Statement-I
- (c)Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement-I
- (d)Neither Statement-II nor Statement-III is correct
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Official answer(a) Both Statement-II and Statement-III are correct and both of them explain Statement-I
Which one of the following is the best example of repeated falls in sea level, giving rise to present-day extensive marshland?
- (a)Bhitarkanika Mangroves
- (b)Marakkanam Salt Pans
- (c)Naupada Swamp
- (d)Rann of Kutch
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Official answer(d) Rann of Kutch
Consider the following statements : 1. In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves. 2. In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction of wave propagation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a)1 only
- (b)2 only
- (c)Both 1 and 2
- (d)Neither 1 nor 2
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Official answer(c) Both 1 and 2
With reference to agricultural soils, consider the following statements : 1. A high content of organic matter in soil drastically reduces its water holding capacity. 2. Soil does not play any role in the sulphur cycle. 3. Irrigation over a period of time can contribute to the salinization of some agricultural lands. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
- (a)1 and 2 only
- (b)3 only
- (c)1 and 3 only
- (d)1, 2 and 3
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Official answer(b) 3 only
In India, the problem of soil erosion is associated with which of the following? 1. Terrace cultivation 2. Deforestation 3. Tropical climate Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a)1 and 2 only
- (b)2 only
- (c)1 and 3 only
- (d)1, 2 and 3
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Official answer(b) 2 only
Consider the following: 1. Electromagnetic radiation 2. Geothermal energy 3. Gravitational force 4. Plate movements 5. Rotation of the earth 6. Revolution of the earth Which of the above are responsible for bringing dynamic changes on the surface of the earth?
- (a)1, 2, 3 and 4 only
- (b)1, 3, 5 and 6 only
- (c)2, 4, 5 and 6 only
- (d)1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
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Official answer(d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
Contour bunding is a method of soil conservation used in
- (a)desert margins, liable to strong wind action
- (b)low flat plains, close to stream courses, liable to flooding
- (c)scrublands, liable to spread of weed growth
- (d)None of the above
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Official answer(d) None of the above
Salinization occurs when the irrigation water accumulated in the soil evaporates, leaving behind salts and minerals. What are the effects of salinization on the irrigated land?
- (a)It greatly increases the crop production
- (b)It makes some soils impermeable
- (c)It raises the water table
- (d)It fills the air spaces in the soil with water
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Official answer(b) It makes some soils impermeable
With reference to soil conservation, consider the following practices: 1. Crop rotation 2. Sand fences 3. Terracing 4. Wind breaks Which of the above are considered appropriate methods for soil conservation in India?
- (a)1, 2 and 3 only
- (b)2 and 4 only
- (c)1, 3 and 4 only
- (d)1, 2, 3 and 4
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Official answer(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
In the structure of planet Earth, below the mantle, the core is mainly made up of which one of the following ?
- (a)Aluminium
- (b)Chromium
- (c)Iron
- (d)Silicon
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Official answer(c) Iron
Consider the following statements : 1. The Richter scale is a logarithmic scale and so an increase of 1 magnitude unit represents a factor of 10 times in amplitude. 2. Each integer reading of the Richter scale has an energy 100 times that of the previous integer reading. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a)1 only
- (b)2 only
- (c)Both 1 and 2
- (d)Neither 1 nor 2
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Official answer(a) 1 only
Consider the following statements : 1. Total land area of Earth is approximately 1475 lakh square kilometers 2. Ratio of land area to water area on Earth is approximately 1 : 4 3. Maximum percentage of Earth's water is in the Pacific Ocean. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- (a)1 and 3
- (b)2 and 3
- (c)1 only
- (d)3 only
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Official answer(a) 1 and 3
Consider the following geological phenomena: 1. Development of a fault 2. Movement along a fault 3. Impact produced by a volcanic eruption 4. Folding of rocks Which of the above cause earthquakes?
- (a)1, 2 and 3
- (b)2 and 4
- (c)1, 3 and 4
- (d)1, 2, 3 and 4
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Official answer(a) 1, 2 and 3
Assertion (A): The weight of a body decreases with the increase of latitude on earth. Reason (R): The earth is not a perfect sphere.
- (a)Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
- (b)Both A and R are individually true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
- (c)A is true but R is false
- (d)A is false but R is true
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Official answer(d) A is false but R is true
Identify the correct order of the processes of soil erosion from the following:
- (a)Splash erosion, Sheet erosion, Rill erosion, Gully erosion
- (b)Sheet erosion, Splash erosion, Gully erosion, Rill erosion
- (c)Rill erosion, Gully erosion, Sheet erosion, Splash erosion
- (d)Gully erosion, Rill erosion, Sheet erosion, Splash erosion
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Official answer(a) Splash erosion, Sheet erosion, Rill erosion, Gully erosion
Consider the following statements: I. Most magmas are a combination of liquid, solid and gas. II. Water vapour and carbon dioxide are the principal gases dissolved in a magma. III. Basaltic magma is hotter than the silicic magma. Which of these statements are correct?
- (a)I only
- (b)I and II
- (c)II and III
- (d)I, II and III
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Official answer(d) I, II and III
Consider the following statements regarding earthquakes: I. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Mercalli scale. II. The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of energy released. III. Earthquake magnitudes are based on direct measurements of the amplitude of seismic waves. IV. In the Richter scale, each whole number demonstrates a hundred-fold increase in the amount of energy released. Which of these statements are correct?
- (a)I, II and III
- (b)II, III and IV
- (c)I and IV
- (d)I and III
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Official answer(a) I, II and III
Consider the following statements made about the sedimentary rocks: I. Sedimentary rocks are formed at Earth’s surface by the hydrological system. II. The formation of sedimentary rocks involves the weathering of pre-existing rocks. III. Sedimentary rocks contain fossils. IV. Sedimentary rocks typically occur in layers. Which of these statements are correct?
- (a)I and II
- (b)I and IV
- (c)II, III and IV
- (d)I, II, III and IV
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Official answer(d) I, II, III and IV
Volcanic eruptions do not occur in the
- (a)Baltic Sea
- (b)Black Sea
- (c)Caribbean Sea
- (d)Caspian Sea
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Official answer(a) Baltic Sea
Quartzite is metamorphosed from
- (a)Limestone
- (b)Obsidian
- (c)Sandstone
- (d)Shale
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Official answer(c) Sandstone
The palaeomagnetic results obtained from India indicate that in the past, the Indian land mass has moved
- (a)northward
- (b)southward
- (c)eastward
- (d)westward
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Official answer(a) northward